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3.7 上机实训一——绘制扳手零件图
本例通过绘制扳手零件的轮廓图,对本章重点知识进行综合练习和巩固应用。扳手零件的最终绘制效果如图3-82所示。操作步骤如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_325.jpg?sign=1738924562-PePPsXW0kpXAhwevYsSeJHvWDJ2LQck3-0-d4fedf8e2b0068d051efa2dc82a0b48a)
图3-82 最终绘制效果
单击“快速访问”工具栏→“新建”按钮
,快速创建公制单位的空白文件。
启用对象捕捉和对象捕捉追踪功能,并设置捕捉模式,如图3-83所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_329.jpg?sign=1738924562-ejU9cZEyh80PMkzuuSxpA9K31hsB1JZd-0-c81b8f44e9e451dc4f1412c021e7329f)
图3-83 设置捕捉追踪
执行“中心缩放”命令,将当前的视窗高度调整为70,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_331.jpg?sign=1738924562-kSC9weZQbpGrnVJHIYgr8mOyAfLyLbaN-0-8115c5c8325403c242d95901b940e1f5)
单击“默认”选项卡→“绘图”面板→“正多边形”按钮
,执行“正多边形”命令,绘制边长为6的正八边形,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_334.jpg?sign=1738924562-RJIFOXAsFKMfsapCwYeJ7dFyWa9DJ0F0-0-b7afc9c0e7aeb033a40d040592b521b0)
正八边形绘制结果如图3-84所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_335.jpg?sign=1738924562-GYI0cbPqaOE9rLszy6qphWos16R2hYLA-0-cf04aac0c8521382f5296dce9d7fced8)
图3-84 正八边形绘制结果
使用快捷键C激活“圆”命令,以正八边形的中心点作为圆心,绘制直径为20的圆,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_337.jpg?sign=1738924562-GZKJTJUMQkssyI6FLPgBXztmQlYwk7Gc-0-175d8d36bb4628862eb49143fe956134)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_338.jpg?sign=1738924562-McstDCZBlDMKAxkctIxhEmR5YavPutHU-0-524d83dc277e479a5eb3f11e0455821e)
图3-85 引出追踪虚线
绘制结果如图3-86所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_339.jpg?sign=1738924562-srx5sOjYMmAndjz5YGOVDnn201oUXXfL-0-4efc8d995bea522fda05a2d39f1ebbdc)
图3-86 绘制结果
按Enter键,重复执行“圆”命令,配合“捕捉自”功能绘制两个直径为10的圆,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_341.jpg?sign=1738924562-W1FBLNS5tx67YohTD8Zm4dsJdRkbiQWF-0-ab70a75f022e6806a674bc7500700ac1)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_342.jpg?sign=1738924562-ogsMj18rRLdjocDuth88FvU9P3rehyuX-0-0e016cbae023ddcc6cf8807de2362f88)
图3-87 “圆心、直径”画圆
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_343.jpg?sign=1738924562-CfAt5IJ3Fh4CfHhHtoYPnlkoG7Yt2V8a-0-bc35381306eeff21adcab97aeb85cf10)
图3-88 绘制结果(1)
选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“圆”→“相切、相切、半径”命令,绘制与大圆和小圆都相切的圆,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_345.jpg?sign=1738924562-kP3Do11c8AlbCY3wZdA4WU1OBaCxoxvN-0-3fe4bddc6dbd1ecd65c2e4c49db164d0)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_346.jpg?sign=1738924562-KdAYxbM50oc9V4LGCTJBVSgWko1Uw2Y5-0-57b73b7b9aa1741682da1e03820980a9)
图3-89 拾取大圆
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_347.jpg?sign=1738924562-2Wu2nDR6Ep5h8lba9xwxepFCm4oaUxJU-0-428c86e9c5e7f138181a6b563b25e36c)
图3-90 拾取小圆
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_348.jpg?sign=1738924562-sCsywDBZ6L0hcNqYiL943trTuwAj9jwu-0-7c954fd6d6333d4ff08cb2c59dd9ee3a)
图3-91 绘制结果(2)
重复执行“相切、相切、半径”命令,绘制上端的相切圆,相切圆半径为10,绘制结果如图3-92所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_350.jpg?sign=1738924562-IfhfUk9eacSsgsWKhnhBsRURd8S4t0zp-0-5b9f36cbcf5b88576b0c7c84ef0d47e7)
图3-92 绘制相切圆
选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“修剪”命令,以直径为20和直径为10的三个圆作为修剪边界,对两个相切圆进行修剪,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_352.jpg?sign=1738924562-JOxHYhxoNI0pJvnOIeZMYy6uZSfV9EK7-0-6245823aad538bb0dca6ff2ef4ddf036)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_353.jpg?sign=1738924562-1VIXLNdns0wwfrimqzr0DdCrMeW3xee4-0-ed88c6fdb5aa7ac758e718da929b5b02)
图3-93 选择修剪边界
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_354.jpg?sign=1738924562-lPhtyeUmpsoUaepfYWYIyTp7tOkiJc9N-0-2c1e03e25e7d09288b0192810abab042)
图3-94 修剪结果
在命令行输入Line并按Enter键,执行“直线”命令,配合切点捕捉功能绘制圆的公切线,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_356.jpg?sign=1738924562-egiewXOTPQ1Vgsf1DhY24dg14czS0ydc-0-d68a94f4b57088538a65f7087a2154e1)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_357.jpg?sign=1738924562-t9R9khOl3mhzvcBkG8IZjdziEcJK5sDa-0-1f60dc85eae8bdf063533f6344e9b872)
图3-95 捕捉切点(1)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_358.jpg?sign=1738924562-2dfZ20QyPYfoThRo1Mpg3OP54xrNrsfM-0-52d7a0bfac2bbfb015407860ffc27ecb)
图3-96 捕捉切点(2)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_359.jpg?sign=1738924562-EABeOS6RTPD4tITfTb0LtQRwh8SCDquz-0-85c5606d6c78c98f8b87ec5356a12a31)
图3-97 绘制圆的公切线
重复执行第10步,绘制另外两圆的外公切线,结果如图3-98所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_361.jpg?sign=1738924562-C4e9byTKYFNPPmu4DQPifvDUMT1QGgnf-0-2c8c264ad55e9b79c698e8a5a50537d3)
图3-98 绘制另外两圆的外公切线
单击“默认”选项卡→“绘图”面板→“正多边形”按钮
,执行“正多边形”命令,绘制外接圆半径为4的正八边形,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_364.jpg?sign=1738924562-NHRWeq8cjMztHHCCdoSAtNgo2eVvVPOT-0-b5211230cda86ee0221cb90c6fc07a3c)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_365.jpg?sign=1738924562-yxUNbLASfgUGVrEIvRrKH5gwN9WlstJI-0-6d57fe176e9300eaa1e103f5ec84c5e1)
图3-99 绘制正八边形
重复执行第12步,以下侧小圆的圆心作为中心点,绘制外接圆半径为4的正八边形,绘制结果如图3-100所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_367.jpg?sign=1738924562-Rar3h9xr3roreYwAVutUjV3kqzb0PZDj-0-ce2189e7083a55f9ffd41847f6a865db)
图3-100 绘制结果
选择菜单栏中的“标注”→“标注样式”命令,修改当前标注样式的圆心标记参数,如图3-101所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_369.jpg?sign=1738924562-mcJ6lfocwmxUixWDE2TMsEI7pY02KgjK-0-1e71e915fcd1bd9257d627476f8a5383)
图3-101 设置圆心标记参数
选择菜单栏中的“标注”→“圆心标记”命令,分别标注直径为20、10、10的三个圆的圆心标记,结果如图3-102所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_371.jpg?sign=1738924562-cb9yXXkxJuJbQFsCE4p6guhIjnNXQ6gW-0-d33346f0a98e12e01ac6582267fffdfb)
图3-102 标注结果
单击“快速访问”工具栏→“保存”按钮
,将图形另存为“上机实训一.dwg”。